- Prehistoric Significance: Belilena Cave is an important archaeological site where skeletal remains and artifacts of the prehistoric Balangoda Man (Homo sapiens balangodensis), dating back as far as 32,000 years, have been discovered, making it one of the earliest records of anatomically modern humans in South Asia.
- Ancient Microlithic Technology: The cave yielded geometric microlithic tools (small, stylized stone tools) dating back over 30,000 years, predating similar discoveries in Europe by 19,000 years. These tools provide evidence of advanced technology in prehistoric Sri Lanka.
- Rich Faunal and Cultural Remains: Excavations at Belilena have uncovered a wide range of remains, including game animals, aquatic species, and plant materials, as well as evidence of the use of fire, trade networks, and early structural foundations dating to 16,000 years ago.
- Speleological Interest: The cave is noted for its stunning natural features, including unexplored sections beyond a lake near its entrance and formations like stalactites and stalagmites, attracting not only archaeologists but also speleologists.
- Scenic Location and Accessibility: Situated 2,000 feet above sea level amidst picturesque landscapes near Kitulgala, visitors must trek through the jungle to reach the cave, enhancing its appeal as both a historic and adventurous tourist destination.