- Oldest Shrine Built by Parakramabahu I: Thuparamaya is distinguished as one of the oldest Buddhist shrines in the ancient city of Polonnaruwa, dating back specifically to the reign of King Parakramabahu the Great (I) in the 12th century, marking a significant structure from the city’s early development.
- Part of the Grand Jetavanarama Monastic Complex: Archaeological evidence confirms it was an essential part of the Jetavanarama monastery, which served as a major center for Buddhist education and worship. This connection highlights its role within a large, sophisticated religious and scholarly network.
- Preserved Example of Brick-Built Architecture: The structure is a gedige (vaulted image house) with thick brick walls and a semi-cylindrical/vaulted brick roof (not a stupa).. Even today, the remarkably well-preserved base and lower walls display the sophisticated and skilled craftsmanship of ancient Sri Lankan builders, representing the early Sinhalese architectural style.
- Enshrined Sacred Relic: Thuparamaya is historically significant as it is possibly built to house sacred relics (e.g., tooth relic or Buddha images/relics). This makes it a major historical pilgrimage site and underscores its profound religious importance beyond its architectural value.
- Place of Serene Reflection: Amidst the bustling ruins of the ancient city, Thuparamaya is noted for providing a peaceful and tranquil atmosphere. The site, with its spiritual symbolism, offers visitors a unique opportunity for quiet reflection.